There are many similarities and overlaps between Buddhism and contemporary psychology. Along with theories of perception and subconscious mental influences, this involves a descriptive phenomenology of mental states, emotions, and behaviors. Psychotherapists like Erich Fromm have discovered the possibility of transformation, healing, and discovering existential significance in Buddhist enlightenment experiences (like kensho). Buddhist teachers like Jack Kornfield consider Western psychology as supplying supplementary practices for Buddhists, although some modern mental-health professionals like Jon Kabat-Zinn find old Buddhist techniques (such as the development of mindfulness) to have empirically therapeutic value.

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